Aim: This study aimed to screen the aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts of Achillea\r\nfalcata L. (Asteraceae) grown in Jordan for their antioxidant, antibacterial, antiplatelet and\r\nanti-proliferative efficacy.\r\nStudy Design: HPLC-MS evaluation of the aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts and in\r\nvitro investigations.\r\nPlace and Duration of Study: Faculties of Pharmacy and Science, The University of\r\nJordan and Centre of Misanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, between\r\nAugust 2012 and June 2013.\r\nMethodology: Total phenols and flavonoids were determined colorimetrically. The radicalscavenging activities were evaluated using 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-\r\nsulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity assay. Antimicrobial activities were\r\ndetermined by the disc-diffusion method, and the minimum inhibition concentration and\r\nthe minimum bactericidal concentration tests. In vitro antiplatelet activity was tested on\r\nhuman whole blood using an electrical impedance method. Anti-proliferative activity was\r\ninvestigated using the MTT assay. High performance liquid chromatography-mass\r\nspectrometry (HPLC-MS) evaluation was performed.\r\nResults: Hydro-alcoholic extract had a bactericidal activity against Streptococcus\r\npneumoniae, Bacillus cereus and Klebsiella pneumoniae rather than inhibitory effect. No\r\nsignificant activity was observed against gram negative bacteria and Candida albicans. In\r\nvitro antiplatelet activity was tested on human whole blood using an electrical impedance\r\nmethod. At concentrations (50, 100, and 200 �µg/ml), hydro-alcoholic extract did not show\r\neffect on platelet aggregation. Extracts did not possess cytotoxic activity against the MCF-\r\n7 cells at concentrations up to 200 �µg/ml. HPLC-MS analysis resulted in the identification\r\nof 8 phenolic compounds in the hydro-alcoholic extract and 6 compounds in the aqueous\r\nextract; quercetin 3-�Ÿ-D-glucoside was the main component for both extracts.\r\nConclusion: The present investigation supported the traditional use A. falcata in the\r\nJordanian folk medicine as a depurative agent and as an antimicrobial active\r\nrepresentative of the genus Achillea.
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